{"id":435,"date":"2017-04-21T10:58:28","date_gmt":"2017-04-21T02:58:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ithenticate.com.cn\/news\/?p=435"},"modified":"2017-04-21T10:58:28","modified_gmt":"2017-04-21T02:58:28","slug":"%e8%af%a6%e8%b0%88%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%afmeta%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ithenticate.com.cn\/news\/?p=435","title":{"rendered":"\u8be6\u8c08\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fMeta\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001Meta \u5206\u6790\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001Meta\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u6027\u7814\u7a76;<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u3001\u5236\u5b9a\u6587\u732e\u7684\u7eb3\u5165\u548c\u5254\u9664\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u8d44\u6599\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5904\u7406\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u7ed3\u679c\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b;<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684(\u53d1\u8868\u4e0e\u672a\u53d1\u8868)\u5404\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5404\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001Meta\u5206\u6790\u7684\u76ee\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u68c0\u9a8c\u6548\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u540c\u7c7b\u8bfe\u9898\u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u589e\u5927\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u3001\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u68c0\u9a8c\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u4f30\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u5f53\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Meta\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7814\u7a76\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u751a\u81f3\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u4e3a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f7f\u6548\u5e94\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8303\u56f4\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7531\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u6837\u672c\u542b\u91cf\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Meta\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5355\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u7814\u7a76\u95f4\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u504f\u501a\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5bfb\u627e\u65b0\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u901a\u8fc7Meta\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u8ba8\u5355\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u672a\u9610\u660e\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bfe\u9898\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001Meta\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u52122\u3001\u68c0\u7d22\u8d44\u65993\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\u5408\u7eb3\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7814\u7a764\u3001\u7eb3\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4ef75\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u7eb3\u5165\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f6\u3001\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001Meta\u5206\u6790\u8d44\u6599\u68c0\u7d22\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u786e\u5b9a\u68c0\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9884\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4fee\u6539\u68c0\u7d22\u7b56\u7565;<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u68c0\u7d22\u65f6\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u8bed\u79cd\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u5e74\u9650\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49;<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u67e5\u5168\u7387\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6f0f\u68c0\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u732e\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cdMeta\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6027;<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u68c0\u7d22\u4e0e\u624b\u5de5\u68c0\u7d22\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u89c6\u6240\u5f97\u6587\u732e\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e;<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u6e20\u9053\u6536\u96c6\u5982\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e13\u9898\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u672a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u4e13\u8457\u5185\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u7b49\u901a\u8fc7\u5e38\u89c4\u65b9\u6cd5\u96be\u4ee5\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5236\u5b9a\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6548\u5e94\u6307\u6807\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5747\u6570\u5dee\u8868\u793a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u7387\u5dee(rate difference\uff0cRD)\u3001OR\u3001RR\u7b49\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7eb3\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u53ca\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u5230\u6548\u5e94\u5408\u5e76\u503c\u7684\u70b9\u4f30\u8ba1\u548c\u533a\u95f4\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u6548\u5e94\u5408\u5e76\u503c\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u91c7\u7528\u56fe\u8868\u8868\u793a\u5404\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u6548\u5e94\u5408\u5e76\u503c\u7684\u70b9\u4f30\u8ba1\u3001\u533a\u95f4\u4f30\u8ba1<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u654f\u611f\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6309\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3001\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u662f\u5426\u5305\u62ec\u672a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\uff0c\u5bf9\u7eb3\u5165\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5c42Meta\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u5e76\u6548\u5e94\u95f4\u6709\u65e0\u663e\u8457\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u30022\u3001\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u5e94\u5408\u5e76\u503c\u7684\u70b9\u4f30\u8ba1\u548c\u533a\u95f4\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u5e76\u6548\u5e94\u95f4\u6709\u65e0\u663e\u8457\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u30023\u3001\u4ece\u7eb3\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5254\u9664\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u6587\u732e\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884cMeta\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u524d\u540e\u5408\u5e76\u6548\u5e94\u95f4\u6709\u65e0\u663e\u8457\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u30024\u3001\u6539\u53d8\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7eb3\u5165\u548c\u5254\u9664\u6807\u51c6\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u7eb3\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884cMeta\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u5e76\u6548\u5e94\u95f4\u6709\u65e0\u663e\u8457\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e03\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u62a5\u544a\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u8bfe\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61;2\u3001\u8d44\u6599\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5;3\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5;4\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u62a5\u544a;5\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fa\u5b9a\u6548\u5e94\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u6570\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6548\u5e94\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528OR\u503c\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u4f30\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709Peto\u6cd5\u3001Mantel\u2014Haenszel\u6cd5\u3001\u65b9\u5dee\u5012\u6570\u6743\u91cd\u6cd5;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u91cf\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6548\u5e94\u6307\u6807\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5dee\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5d\u3001Meta\u5206\u6790\u7684\u504f\u501a\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u53d1\u8868\u504f\u501a(publication bias) \u662f\u6307\u6709\u201c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8f83\u201c\u65e0\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u548c\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679cMeta\u5206\u6790\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u516c\u5f00\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5360\u591a\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5938\u5927\u6548\u5e94\u91cf\u6216\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5f3a\u5ea6\u800c\u81f4\u504f\u501a\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6587\u732e\u5e93\u504f\u501a(database bias) \u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u68c0\u7d22\u5e93\u5982Medline\u3001Embase\u3001Science Citation lndex (SCl)\u867d\u7136\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\u79cd\u7c7b\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5177\u6709\u9633\u6027\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u68c0\u7d22\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u5e93\u6536\u96c6\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u504f\u501a\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7eb3\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u504f\u501a(inclusion criteria bias) \u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u65e0\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7eb3\u5165\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eb3\u5165\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u636e\u6b64\u51b3\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7eb3\u5165\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u5165\u504f\u501a\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u7b5b\u9009\u8005\u504f\u501a(selector bias) \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7eb3\u5165\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u7eb3\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9009\u4eba\u4e0e\u5426\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u5f02\uff0c\u5728\u7b5b\u9009\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u7b5b\u9009\u8005\u4e3b\u89c2\u610f\u613f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u5f15\u5165\u504f\u501a\u3002<\/p>\n

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1\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5168\u9762\u3001\u65e0\u504f\u5730\u68c0\u7d22\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u8bfe\u9898\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u53d1\u8868\u504f\u501a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

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